1) The structure and control scheme of the Cartesian coordinate type robot is similar to that of the machine tool. Its three motions (x, y and z) reaching the spatial position are composed of linear motion. The advantages of this type of robot are that the kinematic model is simple, the displacement resolution of each axis is constant at any point in the operating volume, and the control accuracy is easy to be improved; The disadvantage is that the mechanism is huge, the working space is small, and the operation flexibility is poor. This form is often used by simple and special welding robots.

2)圓柱坐標(biāo)型這類(lèi)機(jī)器人在基座水平轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)上裝有立柱，水平臂可沿立柱作上下運(yùn)動(dòng)并可在水平方向伸縮。這種結(jié)構(gòu)方案的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是末端操作可獲得較高速度，缺點(diǎn)是末端操作器外伸離開(kāi)立柱軸心愈遠(yuǎn)，其線位移分辨精度愈低。

2) The cylindrical coordinate robot is equipped with a column on the base horizontal turntable, and the horizontal arm can move up and down along the column and retract in the horizontal direction. The advantage of this structural scheme is that the end operator can obtain high speed, but the disadvantage is that the farther the end operator extends away from the axis of the column, the lower the linear displacement resolution accuracy.

3)球坐標(biāo)型與圓柱坐標(biāo)結(jié)構(gòu)相比較，這種結(jié)構(gòu)形式更為靈活。但采用同一分辨率的碼盤(pán)檢測(cè)角位移時(shí)，伸縮關(guān)節(jié)的線位移分辨率恒定，但轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)關(guān)節(jié)反映在末端操作器上的線位移分辨率則是個(gè)變量，增加了控制系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性。

3) Compared with cylindrical coordinate structure, spherical coordinate structure is more flexible. However, when the code disk with the same resolution is used to detect the angular displacement, the linear displacement resolution of the telescopic joint is constant, but the linear displacement resolution of the rotating joint reflected on the end operator is a variable, which increases the complexity of the control system.

4)全關(guān)節(jié)型全關(guān)節(jié)型機(jī)器人的結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)似人的腰部和手部，其位置和姿態(tài)全部由旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是機(jī)構(gòu)緊湊，靈活性好，占地面積小，工作空間大，可獲得較高的末端操作器線速度；其缺點(diǎn)是運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型復(fù)雜，高精度控制難度大，空間線位移分辨率取決于機(jī)器人手臂的位姿。

4) The structure of all joint robot is similar to human waist and hand. Its position and posture are realized by rotary motion. Its advantages are compact mechanism, good flexibility, small floor area, large workspace and high linear speed of end manipulator; Its disadvantage is that the kinematic model is complex, high-precision control is difficult, and the spatial linear displacement resolution depends on the pose of the robot arm.